The History Of Yoga - An Overview

The history of yoga can be traced back as far as 1500 BC to the Vedas. These are literary texts that lay down the framework of the Hindu religion and are divided into four main groups.

Patanjali is often considered as the father of yoga and his yoga-sutras still strongly influence all styles of modern yoga. In Patanjali, the art of yoga is divided into an "eight limbed path" that contain the steps to obtain the enlightenment. Patanjali is considered to be the father of yoga.

Hatha Yoga was then created because of this exploration on the physical-spiritual connections as well as body centered practices. Hatha yoga is one of the styles of yoga that the westerners of today are practicing. It is a very good style of yoga to start on the path of yoga. Hatha Yoga is perhaps about 1000 years old. Its purpose is also beyond the body, it too has a spiritual purpose.

Hatha Yoga masters also later utilized the yoga sutras for still meditation. Hatha yoga is only one of the two concepts of yoga that concentrates on the physical culture and the other yoga is the Raja yoga but both of these are referred to as Ashtanga yoga. The main difference is that the Raja yoga concentrates more on the "asanas" or postures to get the body ready for a prolonged meditation that concentrates mainly on the meditative "asana" poses. Hatha Yoga follows in that vein and thus successfully transcends being particularly grounded in one religion.

The hathayoga developed mostly during the period of 14th century. Hatha and tantra yoga , the major branches of yoga, were both developed in the Post-Classical Period, around 1000 CE. Tantra taught students how to cleanse the body, mind and spirit and to break the ties that bind us to any form of physical existence. Hatha yoga attempts to balance mind and body via physical exercises, or "asanas", controlled breathing, and the calming of the mind through relaxation and meditation. Asanas teach poise, balance & strength and were originally (and still) practiced to improve the body's physical health and clear the mind in preparation for meditation in the pursuit of enlightenment .

Yogis on the other hand focused almost exclusively on Meditation and neglected the Asanas. They were attempting to exit the mortal coil and merge with the ultimate reality through contemplation. Yogis usually think of God as an impersonal, spiritual substance, coexisting with all of reality. This doctrine is called pantheism which is the view that everything is God. Yogi Matsyendranath taught that before taking to the practices of meditation, the body and its elements need purifying. One of the most outstanding authorities on hatha yoga, Swami Swatmarama wrote the Hatha yoga pradipika, or 'Light on yoga' in Sanskrit, which describes the various Asanas and breathing exercises, which forms the foundation of the modern practice of yoga.

Yogic attitudes, simple Asanas, Pranayama, relaxation and health orientated techniques were systematically devised to help people solve the problems of daily living. Yogi is not a religious title. Most modern people associate the word "yoga" with Hatha yoga, in one of its many style variations.

Ashtanga, which means 8 limbs in Sanskrit, is a rhythmically fast, intense set of yoga practice always performed in the same order. Ashtanga Yoga is physically demanding and it is meant for people seeking body strength, flexibility and workout including challenging series of postures with Ujjayi Breathing and vinyasas. Ashtanga is the Sanskrit name for what is referred to as the eight fold path of yoga. Ashtanga Yoga is another type of yoga which is also known as 'power yoga'. This type of yoga comprises push ups, which increases strength and stamina in human body.

Modern evolutionary approaches to yoga have created clear delineations between the Hindu religion and the practice of yoga. Modern yoga positions and principles have evolved from these earliest meditative practices and continue to be fused by modern practitioners.

Terrine Pearsall is the owner of Wonderfully Fit. Terrine has been working in the fitness industry as a Long Beach personal trainer, yoga teacher and pilates instructor servicing Long Beach, Seal Beach, Manhattan Beach, Redondo Beach, Hermosa Beach and San Pedro.

Terrine thrives on custom designing interesting, creative and fun programs for individual needs. She uses a variety of tools - from conventional weight training with machines and free weights to core focused workouts utilizing: stability balls, BOSU, and medicine balls.

Terrine is constantly networking and scanning the internet for the latest fitness and health information and attends an international fitness convention annually to stay on the cutting edge. Terrine is a member of IDEA Health & Fitness Association, the world's leading membership organization of health & fitness professionals.

Yoga Has A Rich History In The US

It might surprise many people to learn that yoga has a long history in the United States. For a lot of Americans, their knowledge of yoga may only date back to the 1960s, when the concepts of spiritualism and meditation were embraced by the country's counterculture.

But it might surprise you to learn that yoga has a far longer history in the U.S., dating back to the late 1800s.

In 1883, Swami Vivekananda made an appearance at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago where he greeted his "sisters and brothers of America", a salutation that brought a standing ovation from the large audience in attendance. His idea that all of the religions of the world are merely separate parts of a larger religion was a new concept to those hearing him speak about the mind, body and spirit.

Shortly after the arrival of Swami Vivekananda, Yogendra Mastamani also traveled to the U.S. from India and set up a base in Long Island, N.Y. in 1919 and created the American branch of Kaivalyadhama, which is an India-based group that was a leader in the exploration of yoga from a scientific perspective. Mastamani introduced Hatha Yoga to the United States.

One year later, one of the most popular yogis of all time, Paramahansa Yogananda, arrived in Boston to introduce kriya yoga to the U.S. He created the Self-Realization Fellowship, which now has its headquarters in Los Angeles. Yogananda also wrote the world-famous best seller, "Autobiography of a Yogi", a book that is still an inspirational resource for many yoga instructors and students.

Beginning in the 1930s, Jiddu Krishnamurti achieved a new level of notoriety for a yogi when he began giving well-received, eloquent seminars on Jnana-Yoga, or the yoga of discernment. His enlightening talks brought him attention from a number of celebrities, including actors Charlie Chaplin and Greta Garbo and writers Aldous Huxley and George Bernard Shaw.

In 1924, the U.S. imposed a restriction on the number of Indians it would allow to move to the U.S., meaning students who sought the teachings of yogis had to travel to India. One of these students was Theos Bernard, who traveled to India and came back in 1947 to write the book "Hatha Yoga: The Report of a Personal Experience", an influential book which is still widely today.

In that same year, yogi Indra Devi, born in Russia, opened one of the original Hatha Yoga studios in the Los Angeles/Hollywood area and was given the title of "The First Lady of Yoga". Devi was admired by housewives across the U.S., as well as Hollywood stars such as Gloria Swanson, Jennifer Jones and Robert Ryan. Devi passed away in her Buenos Ares home in 2002.

But there is one man who is credited with bringing yoga into the mainstream of America and, ironically, he is not a native of India. While Richard Hittleman did study in India for several years, he came back to the U.S. in 1950 and worked as a yoga instructor in New York, introducing a non-spiritual version of yoga to the country and altered the way yoga is perceived in the U.S. Hittleman emphasized the physical aspects of yoga to a Western audience used to focusing on the body rather than the mind. Hittleman's goal was to teach American students to gradually embrace the spiritual side of yoga, which many people have.

As Hittleman worked to expand yoga on the East, Walt and Magana Baptiste were working to increase yoga's scope on the West Coast when they open a studio in San Francisco in the 1950s. Both of the Baptistes were students of Yogananda and Walt brought the influence of Vivekananda to the practice, creating an entirely new approach to yoga. Their yoga legacy is continuing with their son and daughter, Baron and Sherri.

Also in San Francisco, Swami Vishnu-devananda, arrived from India in 1958 and, with sponsorship from famed artist Peter Max, created the landmark book, "The Complete Illustrated Book of Yoga". It became an essential guide for yoga instructors and practitioners. Vishu-devananga would later go on to create the Sivananda Yoga Vedanta yoga centers, which has become one of most prominent yoga school franchises in the entire world.

As the 1960s embrace of counterculture got into full swing, more and more people began to investigate the spirituality of yoga and possibly the most famous group of yoga practitioners were The Beatles, whose association with Maharishi Mahesh Yogi made him one of the most famous yogis in the world. He created the Meditation school of yoga that today employs more than 40,000 instructors and approximately 4 million followers worldwide.

In the late 1960, Harvard professor Richard Alpert left on a journey through India and returned as Ram Dass, who captured the imagination of the young people of America and sparked their interest in the potential of yoga with his 1970 college tour to support his book, "Be Here Now". It implanted the idea of taking a spiritual quest as a dream of many young people.

As the 1970s progressed, yoga studios began appearing all over the country. Mount Madonna, founded by Baba Hari Dass, brought residential yoga instruction to Santa Cruz, California. The International Society for Krishna Consciousness, begun by Shrila Prabhubada, created the international spiritual practice of Bhakti Yoga. Ashtanga-vinyasa Yoga was brought to the U.S. by Pattabhi Jois in the mid '70s and made yoga popular with new groups of people. Swami Satchitananda was probably the most famous non-musician to appear at Woodstock. Female yogi Swami Sivananda Radha is credited with probing the link between the psychology and spirituality of yoga. And Swami Chidananda, a student of yoga master Swami Sivananda, produced one of America's most famous and familiar yoga instructors, Lilias Folan, whose PBS series, "Lilias, Yoga and You", which aired from 1970 to 1979, brought into nearly every home in America.

Yoga has continued its influence across America with classes and studios in cities all over, from the smallest town to the major metro areas. Meanwhile, the birth of the digital media market has taken yoga CDs, DVDs and Internet websites to even more homes, making it a mainstay in American life.

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For more information, you may also visit Kamloops Yoga Fitness Boot Camp.

The History of Yoga - Where Did Yoga Come From?

No one knows exactly how old yoga is. It originated as long as 10,000 to 5000 years ago. It was passed down orally and has gone through much evolution. The earliest reference to Yoga was found when archeological excavations were made in the Indus valley - an amazing powerful and influential civilization in the early antique period. This sophisticated culture developed around the Indus river and the long gone Sarasvati river in northern India, on the border towards Pakistan and had sewage systems, baths as early as 2,600 BC.

While many religions continue to want to make yoga their own creation, it belongs to all of us. It has many facets that can be found in the Hindu and Buddhist faith, but the basic principals are universal and based on "the eight limbs of yoga", which can be found in all religions.

The History of Yoga is defined as four periods:

Vedic Period, Pre-Classical Period, Classical Period, Post Classical Period and the Modern Period

History of Yoga

Yoga is said to be as old as civilization itself but the oral transmission of the practice, has left several gaps in its history. Earliest archeological evidence relating to yoga's existence is found in Mohenjodaro seals excavated from the Indus valley, depicting a figure seated in a traditional yoga pose. The stone seals place Yoga's existence around 3000 B.C.

The Vedic Period

The next reference to yoga is found in the Rig Veda, the oldest sacred text in the world. The Vedas, dating back to 1500 and 1200 BC, are a collection of hymns, mantras and brahmanical rituals that praised a greater being. Yoga is referred to in the book as yoking or discipline without any mention of a practice or a method to achieve this discipline. The Atharva Veda too mentions yoga with a reference to controlling the breath.

Pre-Classical Period

The creation of the Upanishads, between 800 to 500 BC, marks the period called Pre-Classical Yoga. The word Upanishad means to sit near and implies that the only way a student could learn the truths inscribed in the texts was by sitting close to a guru.

The Maitrayaniya Upanishad outlined a six-fold path to liberation. This six-fold yoga path included controlling the breath (pranayama), withdrawing the senses (pratyahara), meditation (dhyana), concentration (dharana), contemplation (tarka), and absorption (samadhi). Patanjali's Yoga Sutra was later to mirror these paths with greater elucidation and a few additions.

Two yoga disciplines gained prominence at this time: karma yoga (path of action or ritual) and jnana yoga (path of knowledge or study of the scriptures). Both paths led to liberation or enlightenment. The Bhagavad-Gita, composed around 500 BC later added the bhakti yoga (the path of devotion) to this path.

It was at the time of the Upanishads that the idea of ritual sacrifice was internalized and became the idea of sacrifice of the ego through self-knowledge, action and wisdom. This remains an important part of yoga's philosophy today. As with the Vedas, the Upanishads contained nothing of what we would term as yoga asana practice today. The first and probably most important presentation of yoga came in the next period.

Classical Period

Written some time in the second century, Patanjali's Yoga Sutras created a milestone in the history of yoga, defining what is now known as the Classical Period. This set of 195 sutras (aphorisms) is considered to be the first systematic presentation of yoga, and Patanjali is revered as the father of yoga.

Patanjali defined the eight-limbed path of yoga (ashtanga yoga), which described a practical treatise on living and laid out a path for attaining harmony of the mind, body and soul. Strict adherence to which would lead one to enlightenment. The sutras still serve as a guideline for living in the world, although modern yoga no longer sees the need to master the eight limbs in succession.

Post-Classical Period

It was in this period that the belief of the body as a temple was rekindled and yogis designed a practice to rejuvenate the body and to prolong life. It was no longer necessary to escape from reality; instead the focus was more living in the moment and on the correct path. The exploration of the spiritual and the physical halves and the need to harmonize the mind, body and spirit led to the creation of Tantra yoga, to cleanse the body and mind, and to Hatha yoga in the ninth or tenth century.

Modern Period

Yoga in its present avatar owes a lot to learned gurus who traveled west to spread the benefits of yoga, or researched and created different schools of yoga. In 1893 Swami Vivekanada addressed the Parliament of World Religions in Chicago and spoke about Raja yoga. Swami Sivanada wrote several books on yoga and philosophy and introduced the five principles of yoga. J.Krishnamurti, the prolific Indian philosopher, influenced thousands with his writings and teachings on Jnana yoga.

The defining epicenter of modern day yoga, as practiced in the west, began with Krishnamacharya, Mysore India in 1931.

T Krishnamacharya opened the first Hatha yoga school in the 1920s. Three of Krishnamacharya's most famous pupils were-Pattabhi Jois, who developed the school of Ashtanga vinyasa yoga, Indra Devi who introduced yoga to Hollywood, and B.K.S. Iyengar, who created Iyengar yoga known for its attention to body alignment and for its use of props.

Since then, many more yoga gurus have become pioneers, popularizing yoga and finding new styles in keeping with the changing times. Today there are limitless styles of yoga, all based on ingredients from the different paths of yoga (see: The Paths of Yoga).

Yoga in America has been more focused on the Asana side of the practice, but a true yogi knows there is much more to the experience. I always advise students to try different styles and you will find one that gives you the most enrichment.

Enjoy you spiritual journey...

David Yglesias RYT is yoga teacher and made this page for his personal study on the subject and to share with his students. This page is made up of the work of many, so if you have information to add, please email me: david@yogadoral.com
http://www.yogadoral.com.

David Yglesias, RYT
http://www.yogadoral.com

Thanks for the many people that helped put this history together.

Yoga For Beginners - Five Useful Things You Need to Know About the History of Yoga

"What is Yoga? What style of yoga do you teach? What do I need to practice yoga?"

As a Yoga Teacher, I am often asked these questions by potential yoga students.

Given the vast array of yoga classes available it can be quite overwhelming to choose a programme most suited to your individual health and well-being needs and lifestyle.

You may have heard that yoga helps you to relax, calms your mind and releases tension from sore muscles, but how can you be sure if the yoga class advertised at your local Leisure Centre is the right form of exercise for you?

There are many styles and ways of teaching yoga. "Yoga" means different things to different people. I have three teenage daughters, each have their own understanding and definition of yoga ranging from:

- "Yoga is a peaceful way to exercise and, a good way to let your feelings out"

- "Yoga is mum's job!"

- "Yoga is gentle stretching and balancing exercises"

The following top five tips give you a clear introduction about the practice and teachings of yoga.

Top Five Useful Things You Need to Know About Yoga

One: Yoga is a form of exercise which consists of a programme of stretching exercises,(known as asanas) which gently open and stretch the body, increasing flexibility, suppleness and strength; breathing practices (known as pranayama) designed to cleanse the body and calm the nervous system and emotions; and guided relaxation to release body tension and promote a sense of well-being. Some yoga classes also include meditation and chanting. Meditation helps you to calm and focus your mind and have a sense of inner peace.

Two: The traditional meaning of the word 'yoga' originates from Sanskrit yuj meaning to yoke, unite, union, join together. Traditionally speaking, the goal of yoga is to achieve union, connection with the Divine. In more general terms, yoga is seen as a practical way to help you achieve a state of balance, sense of harmony and union into your life

Three: There are four main paths of Yoga practice, which all traditionally serves as a means to help you achieve your potential and unite with your divine nature: Karma Yoga (the path of selfless service and action), Jnana Yoga (the path of intellect, knowledge and wisdom), Bhakti Yoga (the path of devotion and love), Raja Yoga (the physical practice of yoga - asanas, breathing, plus spiritual, ethical guidelines, known as the Yoga Sutras or Patanjali's Eight Limbs of Yoga.)

Each path of yoga will appeal to different people depending on your personal temperament and personality.

Four: There are various styles and different approaches to yoga. In essence, asanas, breathing exercises, relaxation and in some cases meditation and chanting form the basis of all yoga styles. All yoga is known as "Hatha Yoga." However, different schools of yoga place difference emphasis on these aspects. Some yoga teachers, may focus more on breathing techniques (known as pranayama ), whilst another may pay more attention on the alignment of the body in the poses. The most common styles of yoga taught are Iyengar Yoga, Sivananada Yoga, Viniyoga Yoga, Astanga Yoga and Bikram Yoga

Five: The practice of yoga exercises (asanas) is one aspect of yoga. As a way of balanced holistic living, the other elements of yoga consists of paying attention to eating a wholesome, preferably vegetarian diet, proper breathing; proper relaxation; positive thinking and meditation.

The practice of yoga is a personal journey. The holistic nature of the practice and range of tools equips you with a range of useful tools to help you find inner peace, calm and balance within your life.

Ntathu Allen, Yoga Teacher, teaches professionals simple yga stretches and meditation to manage stress at work , improve creativity and strengthen relationships at work and at home. Contact Ntathu for your free monthly Yoga and Polarity Enewsletter - Healing for the Soul. Email :ntathu@yogainspires.co.uk ; http://www.yogainspires.co.uk phone: 07973 777 882

A Brief History of Exercise Part II

Lacking a sure path, the industry succumbed to trends and counter-trends. In the early 90s step-aerobics hit health clubs claiming to be the answer to knee problems. After a decade of step-aerobics, however, its students noticed that their bodies were not only failing to become more buff. Many were seeing negative results: a chunky appearance, tight, graceless muscles and pain in their knees in spite of the impact reduction the step was supposed to deliver.

Enter the resurgence of yoga in the 90s as a correction to step, replacing loud disco music and latex with stretching, peace of mind and softer workout clothes. The problem with this next development is that yoga is not exercise but rather a physical form of meditation. To redress the problem, yogis tweaked the format to better resemble exercise. Yoga became power yoga, hot yoga, flow yoga and so on, but the essential nature of yoga remained. Its colorfully-named postures randomly conformed, or failed to conform, to the human muscular system.

When it came to giving its students better bodies, its strong points as an exercise system were found lacking. Nowhere in yoga, to name two shortcomings, is there either effective strengthening for the abdominals and glutes, or are there techniques for burning fat.

Which brings us to Pilates, a system that finally seemed to understand abdominals. Joseph Pilates began his work by designing exercise machines in Germany during World War I using old hospital beds. Later in New York he used his machines to rehabilitate dancers. More than any other exercise trend, Pilates's popularity typifies the reactive nature of recent exercise design. Americans went from jumping up and down on steps, to leaning down into poses and now to lying down completely. This new laid-back format addressed the need for core work, but at a cost, and not just a monetary one.

By placing its students in a prone position, Pilates removed the weight-bearing element from exercise and with it exercise's role in helping the body burn away fat, including abdominal fat. Pilates' focus on the abs also misses the forest for the trees. The back, shoulders, glutes, hamstrings and thighs all play an essential role in aligning the body. The original Pilates technique pays short shrift to these muscle groups to the detriment of overall control, balance and coordination.

In the late 90s Bikram yoga entered in response to the lack of strengthening in yoga. Though heat and squats did increase the intensity of the experience, Bikram's yoga poses remained the same old peaceful, muscle-surrendering lessons in relaxation. The problem remained that none of these solutions by themselves effectively changed people's bodies. The exercise industry's most recent solution: do it all. In order to be fit, it declared, you need to do a combination of yoga, Pilates and aerobics. Current books on star workouts typically feature trainers leading celebrities through this exercise trio.

There's a catch, however, to this formula. Compartmentalizing exercise elements allows two thirds of your system to rest while only one is working - and your body is never fully challenged. Thus compartmentalized, exercise elements can never fully impact the state of the body. And honestly, who besides the stars has time to do all three? Clearly exercise has come to be driven not by physiology but by fad.

Certainly, the fitness industry has made a tremendous contribution to our health. Be someone who exercises and you'll look good, feel good and stay younger longer. Yoga, pilates, working with weights, dancing, biking, hiking, boxing and hundreds of other physical activities - they all make you more fit. What we are just discovering is how much exercise can do for you. New fitness trends such as The Bar Method integrates all five principle elements of fitness: stamina, strength, flexibility, body alignment, and coordination into one simple, gentle, hour-long workout that produces ground-breaking results.

Burr Leonard is the founder of The Bar Method and now oversees 25 studios across the country. She also produces and stars in exercise DVD's including Accelerated Workout and Change Your Body. The Bar Method has received tremendous acclaim from a multitude of electronic media and press, http://www.barmethod.com/press.htm To find out more about Leonard's studios, go to http://www.BarMethod.com

The History Of Yoga - An Overview

The history of yoga can be traced back as far as 1500 BC to the Vedas. These are literary texts that lay down the framework of the Hindu religion and are divided into four main groups.

Patanjali is often considered as the father of yoga and his yoga-sutras still strongly influence all styles of modern yoga. In Patanjali, the art of yoga is divided into an "eight limbed path" that contain the steps to obtain the enlightenment. Patanjali is considered to be the father of yoga.

Hatha Yoga was then created because of this exploration on the physical-spiritual connections as well as body centered practices. Hatha yoga is one of the styles of yoga that the westerners of today are practicing. It is a very good style of yoga to start on the path of yoga. Hatha Yoga is perhaps about 1000 years old. Its purpose is also beyond the body, it too has a spiritual purpose.

Hatha Yoga masters also later utilized the yoga sutras for still meditation. Hatha yoga is only one of the two concepts of yoga that concentrates on the physical culture and the other yoga is the Raja yoga but both of these are referred to as Ashtanga yoga. The main difference is that the Raja yoga concentrates more on the "asanas" or postures to get the body ready for a prolonged meditation that concentrates mainly on the meditative "asana" poses. Hatha Yoga follows in that vein and thus successfully transcends being particularly grounded in one religion.

The hathayoga developed mostly during the period of 14th century. Hatha and tantra yoga , the major branches of yoga, were both developed in the Post-Classical Period, around 1000 CE. Tantra taught students how to cleanse the body, mind and spirit and to break the ties that bind us to any form of physical existence. Hatha yoga attempts to balance mind and body via physical exercises, or "asanas", controlled breathing, and the calming of the mind through relaxation and meditation. Asanas teach poise, balance & strength and were originally (and still) practiced to improve the body's physical health and clear the mind in preparation for meditation in the pursuit of enlightenment .

Yogis on the other hand focused almost exclusively on Meditation and neglected the Asanas. They were attempting to exit the mortal coil and merge with the ultimate reality through contemplation. Yogis usually think of God as an impersonal, spiritual substance, coexisting with all of reality. This doctrine is called pantheism which is the view that everything is God. Yogi Matsyendranath taught that before taking to the practices of meditation, the body and its elements need purifying. One of the most outstanding authorities on hatha yoga, Swami Swatmarama wrote the Hatha yoga pradipika, or 'Light on yoga' in Sanskrit, which describes the various Asanas and breathing exercises, which forms the foundation of the modern practice of yoga.

Yogic attitudes, simple Asanas, Pranayama, relaxation and health orientated techniques were systematically devised to help people solve the problems of daily living. Yogi is not a religious title. Most modern people associate the word "yoga" with Hatha yoga, in one of its many style variations.

Ashtanga, which means 8 limbs in Sanskrit, is a rhythmically fast, intense set of yoga practice always performed in the same order. Ashtanga Yoga is physically demanding and it is meant for people seeking body strength, flexibility and workout including challenging series of postures with Ujjayi Breathing and vinyasas. Ashtanga is the Sanskrit name for what is referred to as the eight fold path of yoga. Ashtanga Yoga is another type of yoga which is also known as 'power yoga'. This type of yoga comprises push ups, which increases strength and stamina in human body.

Modern evolutionary approaches to yoga have created clear delineations between the Hindu religion and the practice of yoga. Modern yoga positions and principles have evolved from these earliest meditative practices and continue to be fused by modern practitioners.

Terrine Pearsall is the owner of Wonderfully Fit. Terrine has been working in the fitness industry as a Long Beach personal trainer, yoga teacher and pilates instructor servicing Long Beach, Seal Beach, Manhattan Beach, Redondo Beach, Hermosa Beach and San Pedro.

Terrine thrives on custom designing interesting, creative and fun programs for individual needs. She uses a variety of tools - from conventional weight training with machines and free weights to core focused workouts utilizing: stability balls, BOSU, and medicine balls.

Terrine is constantly networking and scanning the internet for the latest fitness and health information and attends an international fitness convention annually to stay on the cutting edge. Terrine is a member of IDEA Health & Fitness Association, the world's leading membership organization of health & fitness professionals.